| State |
Budget Process |
| Alabama |
According to the Budget Isolation Amendment, the Legislature
must approve the state's budget before introducing any other
Legislation. Therefore, the Governor presents the Legislature with
the budget on the opening day of each regular session. The Alabama
fiscal year begins in October. |
| Alaska |
State agencies prepare their budgets during
the summer and fall. The Office of Management and Budget receives
all agency budgets in October. The Governor submits a state budget
to the Legislature by December 15. |
| Arizona |
Agencies must have their individual budgets
submitted to the Governor by September 1. The Governor must submit a
budget proposal to the Legislature in January. The Legislature
adopts the budget between January and April. |
| Arkansas |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in July. Hearings are held throughout August. The
Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature between
September and December. The Legislature must adopt the budget
between January and April. |
| California |
Each agency submits budget requests to the Department of
Finance in the fall, with the Governor submitting a budget proposal
to the Legislature by January 10. The Legislature must then review
modify, and approve the budget bill by June 15. |
| Colorado |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor between August 1 and 15. Following the budget
submissions, the agencies conduct hearings which last until
September. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature
on November 1. The Legislature adopts the budget in May. |
| Connecticut |
State agencies must submit their budget requests in September;
the Governor submits a proposal to the Legislature in February. The
Legislature must adopt the biennial budget in May or June. |
| Delaware |
State agencies submit their budget requests
in August. Then the Delaware Economic & Financial Advisory
Council (DEFAC) projects the entire state budget during the
following months. The Budget Office holds hearings in November. The
Governor's Office defines the state's budgetary priorities in
December, followed by the Governor's state of the budget address in
January. The Joint Committee on Finance conducts hearings in
February and March and votes on the budget in May. The Legislature
must approve a budget by June 30. The Governor signs the budget on
July 1 (the first day of the fiscal year). |
| Florida |
State agencies submit legislative budget requests in August
and September. The Governor's budget recommendations are submitted
in December. Under the General Appropriations Act, the budget must
be passed, approved, and signed by the Governor in April or
May. |
| Georgia |
State agencies submit their budget requests
by September 1. The Governor presents a budget during the first week
of the legislative session (which begins the first Monday in
January). The Legislature adopts the budget in March. |
| Hawaii |
State agencies submit their budget requests to the Governor in
September and hold hearings in November. The Governor submits a
proposal to the Legislature in December. The Legislature adopts the
biennial budget in April. |
| Idaho |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in September. The Governor submits a proposal to the
Legislature and the Legislature adopts the budget in March. |
| Illinois |
State agencies submit their budget requests in the fall to the
Bureau of Budget. The budget is then prepared and submitted by the
Governor to the Legislature on the third Wednesday in February. The
fiscal year is from July 1 to June 30. The budget requires a 3/5
vote for approval if it is not passed by May 31. |
| Indiana |
State agencies submit their budget requests
in August and the Governor submits a proposal to the Legislature in
January. The Legislature adopts the biennial budget in April. |
| Iowa |
On
October 1, state agencies submit their budget proposals to the
Governor. Then, the Governor submits a budget proposal to the
Legislature in January. The Legislature adopts the budget in either
April or May. |
| Kansas |
State agencies submit budget proposals to
the Governor in October. The Governor submits a budget proposal to
the Legislature in January. The budget is adopted by the Legislature
in May. |
| Kentucky |
The Governor must propose the budget by the fifteenth
legislative day of each year. A balanced budget must be completed by
legislative adjournment on April 15 in even years. |
| Louisiana |
State agencies must submit their budget
requests by October or November. The budget must be ready for the
legislative session, which begins in March. After being amended and
passed in the Legislature, the budget must be signed by the Governor
by June. |
| Maine |
State agency budget requests are due by September 1 of
even-numbered years. The Governor presents a budget to the
Legislature in January of odd-numbered years. The biennial budget
must be approved by the Legislature by June. |
| Maryland |
State agencies submit their budget requests
during the summer to the Department of Budget and Management. The
budget is then submitted to the Governor in December. The budget is
usually approved by the eighty-third day of the 90-day session
(approximately mid-April). |
| Massachusetts |
State agency budget requests are submitted by the fall. The
Governor's budget recommendation must be received by the House in
the third week of January. The House Committee on Ways and Means
meets in March and the Senate Committee on Ways and Means meets in
May to consider the budget. A conference committee meets in May and
June. The budget should be finalized by July 1 (the beginning of the
fiscal year) but technically the committee has until July 31 (the
adjournment of the formal session) to finalize all budget
proposals. |
| Michigan |
The Governor submits a budget proposal to
the Legislature in January. The Senate and House Committees on
Appropriations review the proposal. The appropriations bills are
considered and passed in April by the first chamber and in early
June by the second chamber. Differences between the two chambers are
resolved in a conference committee. The final budget action is
usually completed by the first week of July. The fiscal year runs
from October 1 to September 30. |
| Minnesota |
State agencies must submit their budget requests to the
Governor by October 31. The Governor submits a budget proposal to
the Legislature on the fourth Tuesday in January. The Legislature
adopts the biennial budget in May. |
| Mississippi |
State agencies submit their budget requests
by August 1. The Governor submits a budget proposal by November 15
and the Legislature submits its proposal shortly afterwards (the
deadline is December 15). All appropriations bills must be passed by
the end of the 90-day legislative session, which begins on the first
Tuesday in January. Each individual appropriations bill for each
agency is passed by the Legislature and signed by the Governor. The
State General Fund Budget, a compilation of all the appropriations
bills for the fiscal year, is published in one volume after the
session. |
| Missouri |
State agencies send their budget requests to the Governor in
October. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature
in January. The Legislature adopts the budget in April or
May. |
| Montana |
State agencies submit budget requests to
the Governor in May or on September 1. Montana utilizes an Executive
Planning Process (EPP) for proposals to provide new services, change
program services, or alter funding sources. The May budget request
submission deadline reflects this process which is linked to the
regular budget within the September 1 request submittal. The
Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature in January.
The biennial budget is adopted by the Legislature in April. |
| Nebraska |
State agencies submit budget requests to the Governor in
September. The Governor submits a proposal to the Legislature in
January. The biennial budget is adopted by the Legislature in
April. |
| Nevada |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in September. The Governor submits a budget proposal
to the Legislature in January. The Legislature adopts the biennial
budget in June. |
| New Hampshire |
State agencies must submit their budget requests in October.
The Governor submits a budget proposal in February. The Legislature
adopts the biennial budget in May. |
| New Jersey |
State agencies submit their budget requests
in October. The Governor submits a budget to the Legislature in
January and the budget is adopted in June. |
| New Mexico |
State agencies submit their budget requests by September. The
Governor submits a budget proposal in January and the Legislature
adopts the budget in February or March. |
| New York |
The Governor's Budget Division is
responsible for putting together and proposing the budget. The
proposed budget is submitted and referred to the Senate Committee on
Finance and the Assembly Committee on Ways and Means for negotiation
and approval. Theoretically, the budget process should be completed
by April 1 (the beginning of the fiscal year); however, this has not
happened in the past 14 years. Therefore, continuing appropriations
are approved until the new budget is completed and passed. The
budget is usually completed sometime in July. |
| North Carolina |
State agencies submit their budget requests to the Governor in
August. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature in
February. The Legislature adopts the biennial budget in
June. |
| North Dakota |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in June and July. The Governor submits a budget
proposal to the Legislature in December. The Legislature adopts the
biennial budget between January and April. |
| Ohio |
State agencies submit their budget requests to the Governor in
September and October. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the
Legislature in February. However, submission is delayed until
mid-March for new governors. The Legislature adopts the biennial
budget in June. |
| Oklahoma |
State agencies submit their budget requests
in October. The Governor submits a budget proposal on the first
Monday in February. The Legislature adopts the budget on the last
Friday in May. |
| Oregon |
State agencies submit their budget requests in September. The
Governor submits a budget proposal in January. The Legislature
adopts the biennial budget between January and June. |
| Pennsylvania |
State agencies submit their budget requests
in October to the Governor. The Governor must submit a budget
proposal on the Tuesday of the first full week of February (a
newly-elected Governor has until the first full week of March). The
Legislature reviews the budget proposal and must pass a budget by
the beginning of the new fiscal year (before July 1). |
| Rhode Island |
State agencies submit their budget requests to the Governor in
October. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature
in February. The Legislature adopts a budget in June. |
| South Carolina |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in October. The Governor submits a budget proposal
to the Legislature in January. The Legislature adopts the budget in
June. |
| South Dakota |
State agencies submit their budget requests in September. The
Governor submits a budget proposal in December. The budget is
adopted by the Legislature in March. |
| Tennessee |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in October. The Governor submits a budget proposal
to the Legislature in January. The budget proposal may be submitted
by March 1 during the first year of a Governor's term. The
Legislature adopts the budget in April or May. |
| Texas |
State agencies submit their budget requests to both the
Governor's office and the Legislative Budget Board. The Governor
must propose a budget within the first 10 days of the legislative
session. The Legislature then reviews, modifies, and accepts the
biennial budget usually by May (the end of the 140-day session). The
fiscal year in Texas begins on September 1. |
| Utah |
State agencies submit their budget requests
in September. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the
Legislature in December. The Legislature adopts the budget in
February. |
| Vermont |
State agencies submit their budget requests to the Governor in
October. The Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature
in January. The Legislature adopts the budget in May. |
| Virginia |
State agencies submit their budget requests
between June and October. The Governor submits a budget proposal to
the Legislature in December. The Legislature adopts the biennial
budget in March or April. |
| Washington |
The Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature by
December 20 preceding an odd-year session. Other budgets are
submitted 20 days before the start of the session that is to
consider the budget. |
| West Virginia |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in September. The Governor submits a budget proposal
to the Legislature in January. The Legislature adopts the budget in
March. |
| Wisconsin |
State agencies submit budget requests in September. The
Governor submits a budget proposal to the Legislature in January.
The Legislature adopts the biennial budget in June or July. |
| Wyoming |
State agencies submit their budget requests
to the Governor in September. The Governor submits a budget proposal
to the Legislature in December. The Legislature adopts the biennial
budget in March. |